Reservation in india upsc. The State of Madras v/s.

Reservation in india upsc May 10, 2024 · Key Supreme Court Judgments. Smt. , disabled people within SC). So, consider, as an example, an individual from a Reserved Category attaining quality education which is almost or on par with the general category with SUPREME COURT OBSERVATIONS ON RESERVATIONS. However, differently-abled people cannot apply to all of the services in the Civil Services. Reservation is a system of affirmative action in India that provides for historically disadvantaged groups. The Act reserves one-third seats in the Lok Sabha and state legislative assemblies for women for a period of 15 years. Reservation is an affirmative action used to combat socio – economic discrimination. Jun 30, 2021 · The Supreme Court of India has recently held that persons with physical disabilities have the right to reservation in promotions also. Aug 1, 2024 · Future of Reservations: States will now have the authority to implement sub-classification policies, which could lead to more nuanced and effective reservation strategies. system of reservations in place to address decades of racial and cultural prejudice against particular groups in society. Sep 27, 2024 · Understanding the UPSC Reservation System. Dec 16, 2024 · Questions for UPSC: Examine the impact of the Indra Sawhney v Union of India judgment on reservation policies in India. Nagaraj and others v. Show inadequacy of representation of that class in public employment in addition to compliance of Article 335. Union of India. UPSC Civil Services Examination, Previous Year Questions (PYQs) Q. Dec 10, 2024 · UPSC PYQ 2023. Consider the following statements: Statement-I: The Supreme Court of India has held in some judgments that the reservation policies made under Article 16(4) of the Constitution of India would be limited by Article 335 for maintenance of efficiency of administration. Reservation in India | 24 Jul 2019 Introduction. Find out the eligibility conditions, documents and certificates required for availing reservation benefits. Accordingly, a certain category of applicants is provided relaxation in age, attempts, and cut off. “The reservation of seats for women in the institutions of local self-government has had a limited impact on the patriarchal character of the Indian Political Process. Reservation in UPSC is a vital aspect of India’s affirmative action policies, aiming to rectify historical injustices and ensure equal opportunities for all sections of society. Students should stay updated with the latest developments about the reservation system through the Current Affairs. 4% portrayals, in stark contrast to Pakistan and Bangladesh. Dec 31, 2018 · UPSC Civil Services Examination, Previous Year Questions (PYQs) Prelims. Indian Constitution on Religion-based Reservations. The Maharashtra government decided to grant 16% reservation of total seats to the Marathas. Subject: Polity. The primary aim of the bill is to enhance women’s political representation and participation in decision-making processes at the highest levels of government. , Vertical The Extent of Reservation in India: The extent of Reservation in India is available in the following causes: Government Educational Institutions (such as IITs and IIMs) – as described in Article 15 (4), (5), and (6) Government Employment (such as IAS, IPS, and so on) – as defined in Articles 16 (4) and (6) (Parliament and State Legislature) Reservation is a system of affirmative action in India that was established during the British rule. Enroll now for UPSC Online Course of reservations exist in India, i. The Haryana State Employment of Local Candidates Act 2020 mandated 75 percent reservation in the private sector for people domiciled in the state of Haryana. There is no concept of a creamy layer for SCs and STs reservations. However, it was reduced by the Bombay High Court to 12% in govt jobs and 13% in educational institutions. Source: TH. Affirmative action, which is commonly referred to in India as reservation, was an earnest attempt by the framers of the Constitution to bring in socio-economic equality in Indian society, particularly, the reservation in matters of Public Employment as provided in Article 16 of the Constitution. The IC of 1949 dropped the word ‘minorities’ from Article 296 of the draft constitution (Article 335 of the present IC). Reservation is governed by constitutional laws, statutory laws, and local rules and regulations. 3 days ago · UPSC Mains PYQ 2019: Q. Sec: Constitution. Furthermore, it has now become an integral part of Indian society, in spite of the criticism it had to face. Dec 16, 2023 · What is the Need for Reservation In India? Historical Discrimination: India has a history of caste-based discrimination, and certain communities have been historically marginalized. Practice papers and mock tests help improve performance. Jun 3, 2022 · Constitutional Provisions Governing Reservation in India. May 16, 2022 · Baba’s Explainer – OBC Reservations Syllabus GS-2: Governance & Policy Measures GS-2: Equality & Equity Why In News: Supreme Court has stayed 27 percent reservation for OBCs in local body polls in Madhya Pradesh. Part XVI deals with reservation of SC and ST in Central and State legislatures. This move is a direct response to the demands made by the Madiga community in Telangana and Balmiki Sikhs in Punjab Union of India (1992) case the court examined the scope and extent of Article 16(4). It must look for some other comprehensive criteria for reservation in short term and take a call to end reservation policy in a decade or two very well in advance. Jul 29, 2024 · Source: The post issues of reservation in India has been created, based on the article “On reservations and the OBC creamy layer” published in “The Hindu” on 29th July 2024. 66%, 7. The age-old caste system of India is responsible for the origination of the reservation system in the country. A. About Sanjeev KumarDive into the intricate landscape of reservation in India with our latest video tailored for UPSC aspirants! 🇮🇳 Unravel the historical context Caste based Reservation: In India, Caste based reservation has nothing to any conformity with the economic status or meritocracy. The UPSC Indian Polity and Governance Syllabus include the Reservation in Indian Constitution which is described in this article. , horizontal and vertical reservations. 5 per cent. 3 days ago · Vertical Reservation; Definition: Reservation for a specific group within a larger category. As 52 percent of the country’s population consisted of OBCs. Initially, it was introduced for a period of 10 years. Dec 15, 2024 · Since India’s independence and the framing of its Constitution, reservation policies have served as powerful legal and social tools to uplift historically marginalized communities. Jun 25, 2019 · Reservation in promotion in India (SC and ST) | UPSC – IAS. 5% reservation for SCs and STs (7. Krishnamurthy (Dr. May 16, 2024 · What are the recent debates around reservations in India? Domicile-based reservation. May 1, 2023 · Reservation. Know about Reservations in India, their introduction, quota, percentage and laws formulated for the same, at the Jan 22, 2022 · The 2010 Judgement. Reservation was used as a way to uplift the social and educationally disadvantaged people. Reservation for specific categories such as caste, class, etc. 66% for SCs, 7. " Comment. : +91 – 9818421870 Email: enquiries@lukmaanias. Candidates seeking reservation/ relaxation benefits available for OBC category must ensure that they are entitled to such reservation/ relaxation in accordance with the eligibility prescribed in the Examination Rules issued by the Government/Examination Notice Jul 22, 2022 · GS Paper 2 Syllabus: Constitutional bodies, government policies and interventions. 22. Reservation is the most debated topic in the country. services on all India basis otherwise than by open competition, reservation is provided to the members of the Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and Other Backward Classes @ 16. Dec 27, 2023 · The passage of the Women's Reservation Bill, 2023, now known as the Women's Reservation Act, 2023 or the Nari Shakti Vandan Adhiniyam, marks a historic moment in India's journey towards gender equality in politics and governance. Reservation in India dates back to the pre-independence era. Recommendations: Reserve 33% seats for OBCs, including minorities, in ULB … Continue reading Dec 23, 2024 · Article 16(6): Reservation for EWS; Introduced via the 103rd Amendment, reserves up to 10% for EWS in public employment. The allocation of reserved seats shall be determined by such authority as prescribed by the President of India. Target Group: Beneficiaries within the group or class of a larger category (e. Reservation UPSC Question Mar 9, 2021 · The Commission suggested a 27% reservation in government jobs for the Other Backward Classes(OBCs). Ambedkar, is to ensure equitable representation and opportunities for historically marginalized communities, particularly Scheduled Castes (SCs). Knowing its pattern, syllabus, and question paper analysis can significantly boost preparation. The Constitution itself, through Articles 15 and 16, empowers the state to craft measures for the advancement of The Reservation in India – Explained in Layman’s Terms is an invaluable resource that delves deep into the core of the UPSC exam. Importance of Reservation in India UPSC: Understanding Reservation in India is crucial for UPSC exam success. ; In simple terms, it is about facilitating access to seats in the government jobs, educational institutions, and even legislatures to certain sections of the population. Mar 3, 2019 · Learn about the reservation policy in India for government jobs, educational institutions, and legislatures. The scheduled castes (SCs), scheduled tribes (STs), and other backward classes (OBCs) are the primary beneficiaries of the reservation policies under Indian law. Feb 15, 2022 · On February 14, 2022, the Rajasthan High Court directed the state government to provide reservation to transgenders in government jobs as per the Supreme Court order. The notes and questions for Caste and Reservations have been prepared according to the UPSC exam syllabus. At present, the provisions for reservation in India are limited to the Dec 18, 2023 · The government has provided the reservations for SCs and STs: 15% reservation in jobs/higher educational institutions is given to SCs. UPSC aspirants should prepare thoroughly, focusing on landmark cases, recent amendments, and the social impact of reservation policies. : and held that Reservations cannot be applied in promotions. This case primarily dealt with public sector reservations but set important principles for affirmative action. Mar 10, 2013 · This Article on story of Reservation in India refers to Articles 14, 15, 16 and Constitution 117th amendment Bill, 2012. UPSC Prelims Exams; UPSC To take part in the Free Target Mains 2022 Program, download the App and register now! https://gradeup. However, the structured system of reservation that we see today was framed by the Constituent Assembly under the leadership of Dr. This was overruled in Indira Sawhney & Ors v. Later in 1987, OBC reservation in India started. However, such policies have sparked debates over their constitutionality The UPSC gives relaxations and reservations to aspirants who are differently-abled in the form of age limit relaxations, reservation of certain posts and special provisions for exam centers. For UPSC 2024 preparation, follow BYJU’S. With reference to the period of Indian freedom struggle, which of the following was/were recommended by the Nehru report? (2011) Complete Independence for India. Learn about the reservation criteria, benefits, and eligibility for different categories in the UPSC Civil Services Examination. where the upper class enjoyed some added privileges. when the wealthy were given special privileges. In a nation that aspires to be a beacon of democratic values, this question is not merely about increasing numbers; it is a matter of upholding the very essence of democracy and social justice. If a State wants to provide reservation to the SC/ST communities in promotions: It has to collect quantifiable data showing backwardness of the class. Case Summary – Indra Sawhney v Union of India & Ors. The Supreme Court on Monday decided to examine whether its nearly three-decade-old judgment which fixed reservation for the marginalised and the poor in government jobs and educational institutions at 50% needs a relook. The system of Reservation in India was introduced to uplift the historically disadvantaged sections of Indian society. India’s reservation system, rooted in the country’s age-old caste system, aims to provide equitable access to government jobs, educational institutions, and legislatures for historically disadvantaged sections of the population. The five-judge Constitution Bench decision in K. Mar 7, 2022 · In direct recruitment on all India basis, other than by open competition, the percentage fixed is 16. The idea of a caste-based reservation system was originally conceived by William Hunter and Jyotirao Phule in 1882. Landmark Case: Indra Sawhney v. The central issue of the case was whether the constitutional Nov 1, 2022 · The reservation system in India takes two forms: vertical reservation (VR), which until 2019 was defined for stigmatised and marginalised social groups (SCs, STs and OBCs); and horizontal reservation (HR), applicable to cross-cutting categories such as women, people with disability (PWD), domicile, etc. Learn about the key features, arguments for and against the bill, challenges in implementation, and strategies for effective execution. This is a genuine doubt of mine. Context: A political slugfest has emerged over the reservation issues. Source: The Indian Express. The Apr 15, 2024 · Caste Reservation UPSC Notes: 1. Oct 8, 2024 · Address: 60/17, Ground Floor, Old Rajinder Nagar, New Delhi – 110060 Phone: +91 – 9654034293 WhatsApp No. onelink. Based on provisions in the Indian Constitution, it allows the Union Government and the States and Territories of India to allocate a specific percentage of reserved quotas or seats, in higher education admissions, employment, political bodies, etc. Therefore, this edition of the burning issue will analyze the issue of reservations in India, its future, challenges and way forward. Reservations are a political necessity in India, for giving due representation to all sections. Decided in 1992 by the Supreme Court, it addressed the complex issue of reservations in government jobs and education for Other Backward Classes (OBCs). Jul 18, 2024 · By doing so, India can progress towards a more just and egalitarian society where development benefits are shared by all. Insights IAS Brochure | OUR CENTERS . e. Based on the provisions provided in the Indian Constitution, it allows the Indian government to set reserved quotas or seats, which […] Jan 9, 2019 · Amendment to Article 16 (Reservation in Jobs) In article 16 of the Constitution, after clause (5), the following clause shall be inserted, namely:— “(6) Nothing in this article shall prevent the State from making any provision for the reservation of appointments or posts in favour of any economically weaker sections of citizens other than the classes mentioned in clause (4), in addition to Document Description: Caste and Reservations for UPSC 2025 is part of Indian Society for UPSC CSE preparation. ” Oct 3, 2023 · The Women’s Reservation Bill in India seeks to reserve a certain percentage of seats in both the Lok Sabha and state legislative assemblies for women. Critically examine Jan 20, 2021 · State is not bound to make reservations for SC/ST in the matter of promotions. 5% for STs, 15% for SCs) 27% reservation for the OBCs; In 1991, the government enacted provisions for the reservation of 10% of jobs for economically weaker sections (EWS) among higher caste people. Q1. Jul 24, 2019 · Learn about the history, constitutional provisions, and judicial scrutiny of reservation in India for SCs, STs, and OBCs. Mains Practice Question – Do you think, there is a need to review the reservation structure? Critically Comment. The committee was formed following the SC directive. B. Reservation in India has been playing a major role in the politics of India. May 10, 2024 · Reservation within Constitutional bounds. Critically examine the challenges and unintended consequences of sub-caste reservations in India. How does the Reservation System Work in UPSC? Reservation in IAS, IPS, and other civil services are offered in terms of the number of attempts, age relaxation, the total number of seats, UPSC eligibility, and relaxation in the cut-off. Feb 22, 2024 · Indian Reservation System. Find out the quota, eligibility, history, and arguments for and against reservation. UPSC Syllabus Topic: GS Paper 2-Indian Constitution- historical underpinnings, evolution, features, amendments, significant provisions and basic structure. 84% , respectively. The unfortunate fact is that India came in at 149th with 14. Consider the following statements: (2020) The Constitution of India defines its ‘basic structure’ in terms of federalism, secularism, fundamental rights and democracy. Therefore, women can, at best, be provided only horizontal and not vertical reservation on the basis of the Supreme Court’s pronouncement in the Reservation in most states is at 50%, but certain Indian states like Rajasthan have proposed a 68% reservation that includes a 14% reservation for forward castes in services and education. Find out the age limit, number of attempts, application fee, and disability certificate requirements for each category. The topic is also covered under GS Paper 2 Syllabus of the UPSC Mains. Sep 21, 2022 · Reservation in India is a form of affirmative action that provides the deprived classes access to seats in government jobs, educational institutions, or legislative bodies. The court has said that the creamy layer of OBCs should be excluded from the list of beneficiaries of reservation, there should not be reservation in promotions, and total reserved quota should not exceed 50%. India has reservation in education and employment. Oct 16, 2023 · This editorial is based on “Bihar caste survey is a cynical attempt to expand reservation — India needs a different approach” which was published in The Indian Express on 13/10/2023. Reservation was introduced in the Constitution of India, through Article 16(4), to give protection to deprived sections of society, who have been facing discrimination since ages.   Why Is It Making Headlines? The Supreme Court rendered a decision against the Uttar Pradesh government in the Nov 22, 2018 · Best UPSC IAS coaching in India. 5%, and 27%, respectively, for direct recruitment through open competition throughout the country. The case challenged the constitutional validity of the 77th and 81st Constitutional Amendments, which provided for reservations in promotions for SCs/STs (Scheduled Castes/Scheduled Tribes) in public employment. Union of India (1992)- Upheld 27% of OBC reservations, excluded the creamy layer, capped total reservations at 50%, and emphasized judicial scrutiny of reservation policies. However, there are states laws that exceed this 50% limit and these are under litigation in the Supreme Court. The Reservation System in India was implemented to uplift the historically disadvantaged sections of Indian society. Reservation in India Introduction. No matter of you are a Banking aspirant or the Defence […] Jan 19, 2024 · EWS reservation is a government mandate that reserves a certain percentage of seats for those belonging to the economically weaker sections of the society in government jobs and educational institutions. , for "socially and economically backward citizens". Nov 21, 2024 · Also Read: Reservation in UPSC For SC, ST, EWS, OBC, & Other Categories Supreme Court Judgements on Reservation in India. This is expected to significantly boost the Dec 10, 2024 · As this case progresses, it will likely set important precedents regarding reservation policies and their alignment with constitutional principles in India. "The reservation of seats for women in the institutions of local self-government has had a limited impact on the patriarchal character of the Indian Political Process. M. What are the key issues related to religion and reservation in India? Are you preparing for any competitive examinations? If yes, and you are looking for some comprehensive learning page for the preparation then you clicked the right button. com Feb 23, 2021 · Continue reading this blog to know more about the UPSC reservation criteria. May 8, 2024 · Expert Explains: A brief history of religion-based reservations in India; the question of Muslims’ inclusion Can a secular country like India have religion-based reservation? Have Muslims ever been given reservation by reducing the quota for Scheduled Castes (SCs), Scheduled Tribes (STs), or Other Backward Classes (OBCs)? Oct 17, 2023 · यह एडिटोरियल 13/10/2023 को ‘इंडियन एक्सप्रेस’ में प्रकाशित “Bihar caste survey is a cynical attempt to expand reservation — India needs a different approach” लेख पर आधारित है। इसमें चर्चा की गई है कि बिहार जाति The Indra Sawhney vs Union of India case, also known as the Mandal Commission case, is a landmark judgment in the history of India. . The article is state-specific but can be read once. Find out the latest developments on 10% economic reservation and creamy layer exclusion. Source: The Hindu Context: Bhakthavatsala Commission recommends a 33% quota for OBCs in ULB polls in Karnataka. Distinction between vertical and horizontal reservations: Reservation in India is divided into two categories—vertical and horizontal. 1. Introduced the 50% cap on total reservations. Unlike traditional reservations in India, which are based on caste, the EWS reservation is solely based on economic criteria, thus extending Dec 26, 2023 · THE CONCLUSION: The issue of women’s reservation in the Indian Parliament resonates deeply with philosophical principles of justice, equality, and democracy. • During the anti-Mandal Commission agitation somewhere in 1990, most of the states witnessed large scale disturbances. These study notes are curated by experts and cover all the essential topics and concepts, making your preparation more efficient and effective. ” Reservations News Sub-Categorisation as per population within OBC reservations! ALSO READ Famous Buddhist Monasteries in India : Art & Culture | UPSC Notes The introduction of the Women Reservation Act, also known as the Nari Shakti Vandan Adhiniyam, marks a significant shift in India’s reservation landscape. Dec 27, 2022 · The system of reservation in India comprises a series of measures, such as reserving access to seats in the various legislatures, to government jobs, and to enrolment in higher educational institutions. • The caste-based reservation system was initially conceived in Oct 17, 2024 · In India, the reservation system encompasses a range of efforts such as reserving seats in legislatures, government posts and enrolling in higher educational institutions. Reservation in India: History The concept of reservation was first used in India in the second century B. Sep 6, 2024 · Origins of Reservation in India. Article 15(4) and 16(4) of the Constitution enabled the State and Central Governments to reserve seats in government services for the members of the SC and ST. May 7, 2024 · India debates constitutional questions on religion based reservations, including the 5% quota for Muslims in Andhra Pradesh,raising questions about its constitutional validity and impact on social equity. The UPSC exam has specific reservation policies for different categories to ensure fair representation. About the Reservation Policy of India. Estimate the role of state governments in determining OBC status for religious groups. This principle is also applicable for candidates appearing for various competitive exams in the country, including the UPSC exam. Q. Caste-based reservation: Caste-based reservation is a system that provides opportunities and access to education and employment to people belonging to historically marginalized castes in India, such as Scheduled Castes (SC) and Scheduled Tribes (ST). Learn about the reservation system for IAS exam and the relaxations provided to different categories of candidates based on age, attempts, fees and cut off. May 6, 2021 · By this, the reservation in India raised to 49. Entire categories or classes : Example: Reservation for women within SC or OBC Apr 25, 2024 · UPSC Civil Services Examination, Previous Year Question (PYQ) Prelims. Recent Observation (December 9): The Supreme Court orally stated that “Reservation cannot be on the basis of religion”. Union of India (2010), the SC interpreted Article 243D(6) and Article 243T(6), which permit reservation by enactment of law for backward classes in panchayat and municipal bodies respectively. Dec 6, 2023 · The Constitution of India does not expressly permit reservation for women in public employment. It talks about the Bihar caste survey as a cynical attempt to expand reservation and argues that India needs a different approach to achieve social justice Nov 14, 2024 · Context (IE): In India’s election season, there’s a contentious debate over whether a secular country can justify religion-based reservation policies. Nov 8, 2022 · UPSC Civil Services Examination Previous Year Question (PYQ) Q. Reservation for SC and ST Sections: The Act shall also reserve one third of the seats. The Supreme Court of India has delivered several landmark cases on reservation, ensuring that the policy is applied fairly and in accordance with the Constitution. Dec 7, 2024 · Nepal held the 36th position in South Asia with 32. Learn about the history, constitutional provisions, and judicial scrutiny of reservation in India for SCs, STs, and OBCs. Reservation aims to rectify this historical injustice and provide opportunities for those who have been socially and economically disadvantaged. Dec 2, 2024 · Reservation among the reserved seats: The Act shall also reserve the seats for the women among the reserved seats. The Court emphasized the need for objective criteria for granting such reservations. Jan 15, 2019 · Reservation in India and its constitutional Provisions | UPSC IAS | PCS Reservation in Indian | Introduction. Discuss potential reforms to make the reservation system more equitable and Jun 30, 2023 · Debate on Reservations in Constituent Assembly was an important topic discussed in the constituent assembly. 5% and 25. Recently, 27% reservation for OBCs in All India Quota seats was introduced for admission in post-graduate and undergraduate medical courses in government-run medical studies. Sep 25, 2023 · Explore the historic achievement of the Constitution (One Hundred and Twenty-Eighth Amendment) Women Reservation Bill, 2023, which aims to reserve one-third of seats in the Lok Sabha and state legislative assemblies for women. The concept of Reservation in India is covered under the Polity and Governance section of the UPSC Syllabus. May 10, 2024 · Landmark Cases Reservations in India. Feb 18, 2023 · Introduction: There are two types of Reservations policy in India- •    Horizontal Reservation •    Vertical Reservation   In the nation, candidates are selected for government positions and other competitive exams based on these standards. Jul 10, 2019 · The central government of India reserves 27% of higher education, and individual states may legislate further reservations. Aug 28, 2024 · Reservation in India: The Union government has established a high-level committee to develop strategies for ensuring equitable distribution of reservation benefits among the most disadvantaged communities within the 1,200+ Scheduled Castes, addressing concerns about unequal access to these benefits and aiming to enhance social justice. Drishti Mains Question: Assess the arguments for and against state-imposed domicile reservations in private employment in India. Nov 8, 2024 · Questions on reservation in India are frequently asked in the UPSC exam, covering its history, constitutional provisions, and current issues. Judicial Examination of Reservation Policies I belong to the General Category so I do apologise in advance if I sound quite privileged. Jul 1, 2023 · Lack of clarity on the nature of reservations: The NALSA judgment does not specify whether reservations for transgender persons should be vertical or horizontal. Oct 24, 2024 · 1. A large number of people favor it. Apr 15, 2024 · The Reservation Policy Debate . What is the term in India known as the reservation system? The Indian reservation system is an affirmative action that has set out to give benefits to discriminated minority groups that include SCs, STs, OBCs, and EWS in education, employment, and political representation. Sep 21, 2022 · The 10% EWS quota was introduced under the 103rd Constitution (Amendment) Act, 2019 by inserting Article 15 (6) and Article 16 (6) for economic reservation in jobs and admissions in educational institutes for Economically Weaker Sections (EWS). Party line reservation: Countries like France, Korea, and Nepal, among others, have passed quotas as high as 50% of the candidate list. me/KreX/p2w8ylbaFor more details on Target Ma Reservation Policy In India 1) Introduction Reservation in India is the process of facilitating a person in education, scholarship, jobs, and in promotions who has category certificates. Yet, the interplay between religion and affirmative action remains an area of considerable tension. A seven-judge bench is hearing the case of State of Punjab vs Davinder Singh, underscoring the significance of this case in deciding the fate of affirmative action and reservations in India. Sep 23, 2023 · The issue of reservation for women in politics can be traced back to the Indian national movement. However, this is not the first time a state has provided domicile-based reservations to its residents. Note: Write answers… Nov 7, 2021 · Reservation is no doubt is still relevant in India, as far as it is a method of appropriate positive discrimination for the benefit of the downtrodden and economically backward sections of the society but when it tends to harm the society and ensures privileges for some at the cost of others for narrow political ends, then it implies radical Reservation System in India 1) Introduction Reservation in India is the process of facilitating a person in education, scholarship, jobs, and in promotions who has category certificates. Janhit Abhiyan Case (2022): Upheld 10% EWS (Economically Weaker Sections) reservation. g. Mar 9, 2010 · UPSC Civil Services Examination, Previous Year Questions (PYQs) Q. Key Points A bench of Justice Madan Gopal Vyas and Justice Manindra Mohan Srivastava rejected the contention of the Rajasthan government that it was the prerogative of the state Jul 17, 2024 · Indra Sawhney vs Union of India (1992): The Supreme Court upheld the concept of reservations for backward classes in public employment but placed a cap of 50% on such reservations and excluded the creamy layer. Also known as affirmative action, the reservation can also be seen as positive discrimination. Reservation in most states is at 50%, but certain Indian states like Rajasthan have proposed a 68% reservation that includes a 14% reservation for forward castes in services and education. Reservation in Indian law is a form of affirmative action whereby a percentage of seats are reserved in the public sector units, union and state civil services, union and state government departments and in all public and private educational institutions, except in the religious Jan 8, 2021 · Constitutional Provisions Governing Reservation in India Article 15(3) allows protective discrimination in favour of women. 84% for OBCs 10% reservation under the Economically Weaker Section (EWS) category applies to those not covered under the existing scheme of reservations for the Scheduled Castes, the Scheduled Tribes, and the Mar 9, 2021 · Reservation issues in India. Reservations in India: Reservation in India is the process of facilitating people in education, scholarship, jobs etc that were faced historical injustice. Reservation in India is all about reserving access to seats in government jobs, educational institutions, and even legislatures to certain sections of the population. R. May 7, 2024 · Q. The reservation policy in India mentions two types of reservations: Horizontal Reservations; Vertical Reservations; Based on these criteria, the recruitment to government jobs and other competitive exams is done in the country. Need to ensure that any policy decision taken is in compliance with the Constitution of India and does not violate the fundamental rights of citizens. Aug 27, 2020 · There are three types of reservation systems in India for the scheduled class, scheduled tribe and other backward classes. Reservation is a form of quota-based affirmative action. Champakam Dorairajan Case1951 This case challenged reservations in educational institutions solely based on caste, arguing that it violated the principle of equality under the Indian Constitution. Constitutional Basis for Reservation: The Constitution of India provides for reservation in various forms, including: Nov 22, 2023 · The court said that by allotting 75% reservation for “locals”, the Act militates against the rights of citizens of the rest of the country, and that such acts could lead to other States coming up with similar enactments, in effect putting up “artificial walls” throughout India. Key Points. Indra Sawhney Case (1992): Upheld 27% OBC reservation. Hiralal, Akhil Bharatiya Soshit Karamchari Sangh (Railway) v. Let us look at the two types of reservations in India under the reservation policy, i. Union of India it was held that Reservation of appointments or posts under Article 16(4) included promotions. Overall, it can be said that while the intention behind reservation cannot be blamed, it is the faulty implementation that has been the main problem. It required the government to: Jan 10, 2024 · Local reservation in the private sector in India refers to state-level legislative efforts to mandate a certain percentage of jobs for local residents within private companies. Article 15(4) of the Constitution enabled the State and Central Governments to reserve seats in government services for the members of the SC and ST. Jan 15, 2019 · Achievements of Reservation Policy (Advantages ) | UPSC IAS | PCS. Critically discuss the implications of the Constitution (Scheduled Castes) Order, 1950 on religious minorities in India. Categories Eligible for Reservation . Mar 13, 2024 · The Indian government has established a high-level committee, headed by the Cabinet Secretary, to tackle the issue of certain Scheduled Caste (SC) communities receiving greater benefits than the most marginalised ones. 5% for STs and 25. May 30, 2022 · The jurisprudence of reservation relies on the symbiotic coexistence of constitutionally guaranteed equality of opportunity in public employment under Article 16 (1) of the Constitution of India. The system of reservation existed in India, during the rule of British as well. On the contrary, Article 16(2) prohibits discrimination in public employment on the ground of sex. 2. Stagnated and exclusive (Not inclusive) economic growth: Due to insufficiency of economic growth, people are not inclusively included in the development process for which arises unemployment problems, inadequate Jul 31, 2023 · For instance, the following question was asked in the UPSC mains exam 2019. This initiative aims to address unemployment among local populations and is seen as a means to ensure economic benefits for the state's residents. 7. Creamy layer concept for OBCs. The recommendations of the Mandal Commission were accepted in 1990 and implemented. By this, the reservation in India raised to 49. Find out the latest amendments and cases related to reservation in government jobs and educational institutions. Recently the Maharashtra government has cleared reservation for the Maratha community in Oct 21, 2024 · Advantages and Disadvantages of Reservation System in India: The reservation system in India is a system of affirmative action in India that provides historically deprived groups representation in the education, employment, and political sectors. Aug 31, 2023 · What is the SC’s View about Reservation in Local Bodies? In the five-judge Constitution Bench decision in K. Nov 13, 2022 · The statement made highlights the issue of reservations in India. In 1931, in their letter to the British Prime Minister, submitting the official memorandum jointly issued on the status of women in the new Constitution by three women’s bodies, leaders Begum Shah Nawaz and Sarojini Naidu . ” Aug 2, 2024 · Protests for and against reservation • In pro-reservation agitations and anti-reservation agitations, the peace and tranquillity of the entire country, at times, stood disturbed. OBC reservation before applying for an Examination? A. By reserving one-third of seats in the Lok Sabha and state assemblies for women, this act aims to address gender disparity in political representation. BR Ambedkar, post-independence. Nagaraj vs Union of India (2006), where a five-judge bench approved Parliament’s decision to extend reservations for SCs and STs to include promotions with three conditions. ; Although Reservation schemes do undermine the quality of education but still Affirmative Action has helped many if not everyone from under-privileged and/or under-represented communities to grow and occupy top positions in the world Nov 14, 2023 · Reservation in India UPSC. The State of Madras v/s. The decision sets a new precedent for how reservations can be administered, potentially influencing similar cases and policies across the country. UPSC Exams. Previously there were only SC and ST reservations in India. ; This was in response to a challenge against the Calcutta High Court’s decision striking down reservations for 77 classes — predominantly Muslim communities — within the OBC quota. Joint electorates for reservation of seats for minorities. 2. In India, Scheduled Castes (SCs), Scheduled Tribes (STs), and Other Backward Classes (OBCs) receive reservations at rates of 15%, 7. C. Union of India (2010) wherein the Supreme Court had interpreted Article 243D(6) and Article 243T(6), which permit reservation by enactment of law for backward classes in panchayat and municipal bodies respectively, to hold that barriers to political participation are not the same as that of the barriers Mar 18, 2021 · Reservation for Marathas: The court’s observation came in a case where a reservation for Marathas in Maharashtra caused a breach in the 50% ceiling. A disabled particular person can avail the advantage of reservation for promotion even when she or he was recruited within the common class or developed the incapacity after gaining employment. UPSC Mains Practice Question. Sources Jul 18, 2024 · Objectives behind the implementation of reservations and present SC scenario: Objective of Reservations: The primary objective of reservations, as advocated by Dr. Bangalore Delhi Lucknow Srinagar Dharwad Hyderabad. (2019) You can check the UPSC previous year question papers here . May 20, 2024 · Reservation in UPSC: The Union Public Service Commission applies a certain percentage of reservation in the Civil Service Examination following the affirmative action of the Indian Government and constitutional mandate. Candidates seeking reservation/ relaxation benefits available for SC/ST categories must ensure that they are entitled to such reservation/ relaxation in accordance with the eligibility prescribed in the Examination Rules issued by the Government/Examination Notice issued by the UPSC. Nov 15, 2023 · The Indian government declared 10% EWS (Economically Weaker Section) reservation in UPSC for people who are not covered by the existing Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, and Socially and Educationally Backward Classes reservations plan on February 5, 2020. Jul 20, 2024 · Reservation Policy: The Bill mandates a substantial reservation of 75% for 'local candidates' in non-management positions and 50% in management positions within private sector companies, industries, and enterprises in Karnataka. Why was Mandal Commission set up? The Mandal Commission or the Socially and Educationally Backward Classes Commission (SEBC), was established in India in 1979 by the Janata Party government under PM Morarji Desai with a mandate to identify the socially or educationally backward classes of India. Reservation is provided in both recruitment and promotions. 5% reservation in jobs/higher educational institutions is given to STs. Call us @ 08069405205; Reservation Sep 15, 2017 · India must address the challenge of reservations honestly, fairly and innovatively by creating opportunities for all disadvantaged children. Union of India (2006) is a landmark case that deals with the issue of affirmative action in India. Here, on this page of Unacademy, you will get everything what you need for preparation of exam. The general ethos of reservation being providing with social equality and justice to everyone as enshrined in the constitution of India. Scheduled Castes (SC), Scheduled Tribes (ST), Other Backward Classes (OBC), Economically Backwards Classes are provided opportunities by providing them reservations in legislatures, Government Jobs, Promotions, educational scholarships. The Supreme Court observed that “reservation cannot be on the basis of religion” while hearing a case challenging OBC reservations for Muslim communities. “The rationale behind providing reservations is to promote inclusion of the socially backward and ostracised section, not to serve as a measure of economic upliftment. Discuss the constitutional provisions and judicial pronouncements related to reservation policies in India. 7%. Nov 3, 2022 · The reservation system in India dates back to the 2 nd century B. Understanding horizontal reservations. ) v. With reference to the Parliament of India, consider the following statements: (2017) A private member’s bill is a bill presented by a Member of Parliament who is not elected but only nominated by the President of India. Reservation is not the topic of today, it was introduced by Dr. gklecxj ofecj cdyusz hbf thupjfy vgnhrtg bxgfb lknm lzywt vcap